The gunmen were led by Movsar Barayev, nephew of slain Chechen rebel militia commander Arbi Barayev, and threatened to kill the hostages unless Russian forces were immediately and unconditionally withdrawn from Chechnya. The militant leader told the hostages that the attackers (who identified themselves as a suicide squad from "the 29th Division" ) had no grudge against foreign nationals (about 75 in number from 14 countries, including Australia, Germany, the Netherlands, Ukraine, the United Kingdom and the United States) and promised to release anyone who showed a foreign passport. Some performers who had been resting backstage escaped through an open window and called the police in all, some 90 people managed to flee the building or hide. The reaction of spectators inside the theater to the news that the theater was under terrorist attack was not uniform: some people remained calm, some reacted hysterically, and others fainted. The black-and-camouflage-clad Chechens took approximately 850–900 people hostage, including members of the audience and performers, among them an MVD general.
During Act II of a sold-out performance of Nord-Ost a little after 9:00 PM, 40–50 heavily armed and masked men and women drove in a bus to the theater and entered the main hall firing assault rifles in the air. The hostages were seized on 23 October at the House of Culture of State Ball-Bearing Plant Number 1 in the Dubrovka area of Moscow about four kilometers south-east of the Moscow Kremlin. 7.3 Chemical agent mystery and subsequent identification.7.2 Moscow lawsuit and the European Court complaint.The same study pointed out that in a 2011 case at the European Court of Human Rights, the Russian government stated that the aerosol used was a mixture of a fentanyl derivative and a chemical compound with a narcotic action. A study published in 2012 concluded that it had been a mixture of carfentanil and remifentanyl. The identity of the gas was not disclosed at the time, although it was believed by some to have been a fentanyl derivative, such as carfentanil. Īll 40 of the insurgents were killed, and up to 130 hostages died during the siege, including 9 foreigners, due to the toxic substance pumped into the theater. Spetsnaz operators from Federal Security Service (FSB) Alpha and Vympel, supported by a Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD) SOBR unit, pumped an undisclosed chemical agent into the building's ventilation system and began the rescue operation. The attackers had numerous explosives, with the most powerful in the center of the auditorium. They demanded the withdrawal of Russian forces from Chechnya and an end to the Second Chechen War.ĭue to the layout of the theater, special forces would have had to fight through 30 metres (100 ft) of corridor and advance up a well-defended staircase before they could reach the hall in which the hostages were held. The attackers, led by Movsar Barayev, claimed allegiance to the Islamist separatist movement in Chechnya. The Moscow theater hostage crisis (also known as the 2002 Nord-Ost siege) was the seizure of the crowded Dubrovka Theater by 40 to 50 armed Chechen terrorists on 23 October 2002, which involved 850 hostages and ended with the death of at least 170 people. Part of the First Chechen War, War of Dagestan, Second Chechen War, Insurgency in the North Caucasus, Islamic State insurgency in the North Caucasus and Islamic terrorism in Europe.
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